Ca. 2300–2000 b.c. The head likely depicts a Mesopotamian ruler and is one of the earliest known life-size lost-wax metal sculptures to survive. It had been thought that the head was virtually solid, ...

Chogha Zanbil was first spotted from a surveillance airplane in 1935. The excavated complex was discovered to be one of the few ziggurats built outside Mesopotamia. The ruins of the ancient Elamite ...

Around 2112 B.C., the Sumerian king Ur-Namma (r. 2112–2095 B.C.) united the city-states of southern Mesopotamia into a short-lived kingdom known today as the Third Dynasty of Ur, or Ur III. More than ...

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